In James K. Polk was elected president. Meanwhile, in he had annexed Texas and offered to buy California, and was not noticeably displeased to go to war when the Mexican government demurred. The Americans defeated the Mexican army in a succession of battles, took Mexico City and forced the Mexicans to surrender. On the other hand, there were senators calling for the conquest and annexation of the whole of Mexico. These continuing tensions between Mexico and the United States complicated U.
In , the United States attempted to buy the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, an isthmus on the southern edge of North America, as an alternative means of providing a southern connection between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Fearing the colonists would rebel as those in Texas had, Mexican President Juan Ceballos revoked the grant, angering U.
In , Mexican officials evicted Americans from their property in the disputed Mesilla Valley. When the U. Mexican President Antonio de Santa Anna responded by sending troops into the valley. The Act also killed any chances of a southern railroad through the newly acquired sections of southern Arizona and New Mexico.
But the political and section bitterness over the Act killed the likelihood of a federally funded railroad serving the southern states. Secretary of War Davis recommended it as the best of the surveyed transcontinental railroad routes in , but the issue became moot. It later became the route of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Toggle navigation. The Gadsden Purchase represented the last parcel of land acquired by the United States to complete the 48 mainland states.
The transaction with Mexico was controversial, and it intensified the simmering conflict over enslavement and helped to inflame the regional differences that eventually led to the Civil War. How did the Gadsden Purchase benefit the United States?
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